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Author
Publisher
Houghton Mifflin Harcourt
Pub. Date
2014.
Language
English
Description
In this sweeping account of a war brought by well-intentioned American leaders against an enemy they barely understood, and could not truly engage, Gall argues that Pakistan fueled the Taliban and protected Osama bin Laden for the entire duration of the American invasion and occupation.
Author
Publisher
Penguin Press, an imprint of Penguin Random House LLC
Pub. Date
2018.
Language
English
Description
"Prior to 9/11, the United States had been carrying out small-scale covert operations in Afghanistan, ostensibly in cooperation with, although often in direct opposition to, I.S.I., the Pakistani intelligence agency. While the United States was trying to quell extremists, a highly secretive and compartmentalized wing of I.S.I., known as "Directorate S," was covertly training, arming, and seeking to legitimize the Taliban in order to enlarge Pakistan's...
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